Peptic ulcer mainly refers to chronic ulcers that occur in the stomach and duodenum and are a common and common disease. Huang Yisen, Deputy Chief Physician, Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, introduced that peptic ulcers are caused by many factors, such as Helicobacter pylori infection, genetics, environment, diet, mood, smoking, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine (NSAIDs), hyperacidity, bile reflux, etc. The most common manifestations are periodic and rhythmic epigastimal pain, which may be accompanied by acid regurgitation, belching, nausea and vomiting; some patients may not have obvious symptoms.
Huang Yisen said patients should maintain an optimistic mood, live a normal life, avoid being overwhelmed, stressed, anxious and tired, and choose appropriate training methods to improve the body's resilience. Avoid strenuous physical activity, such as holding children, lifting heavy objects, climbing stairs, etc., and avoid strenuous exercise. Able to engage in light physical activities such as walking and homework (excluding washing). Pay attention to seasonal iterations, such as fall and winter. In addition, longer smoking also contributes to the development or enlargement of gastric ulcers, because the nicotine in the smoke stimulates the vagus nerve, increases the secretion of gastric acids and damages the gastric mucosa, so patients should refrain from smoking.
Regarding the diet, Huang Yisen said that soft and light, especially semi-liquid foods like porridge, noodles, rice paste, enteral nutrition powder, etc. There may be sauce, vegetable juice, soy sauce, etc. herbs and matched with finely chopped vegetable leaves, meat thread, fish, steamed eggs, minced meat, etc., You can also eat lean vegetable soup, egg soup, lean soup, etc. The methods of cooking are mainly steaming, cooking, roasting, stews and stoves. The three meals should be regular, small and frequent, and the amount of each meal should not be too large. Not too hot or too cold. After 1-2 weeks, gradually switch to soft dry rice. After 1 month, you can return to your normal diet, but you should still avoid spicy, sweet and fatty foods. To prevent unhealthy hunger and fullness, eat regularly, chew slowly and avoid rushing.
Huang Yisen emphasizes in particular that patients with ulcers should pay attention to the following: do not eat spicy, sour, cold, hard and pickled foods, such as pickles, dried sweet potatoes, large pieces of hard and chewy meat, pineapple, pepper, mustard, chili oil , ensfh .; do not eat sweets such as chocolate, cake, ice cream and other desserts; do not eat junk food such as potato chips and spicy strips; do not eat hard foods such as nuts; Foods that are easy to generate gases, such as raw onions, raw garlic, onions, etc .; do not eat foods that are easily acidic, such as rice noodles, taro, sweet and sour foods, etc .; do not eat raw fiber vegetables such as celery, leeks, dried bamboo chains, etc .; Do not drink fat-soaked soups such as pork soups, chicken soups, fish soups, etc .; do not drink cold soda, wine, strong tea, coffee, etc .; do not eat indigestible rice balls, rice cakes, ginkgo, etc.
Huang Yisen said the key is to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. If the patient tests positive for Helicobacter pylori, the doctor will prescribe treatment and may go to the hospital at least 4 weeks after stopping treatment to have a carbon 13 urea bladder test or a carbon 14 urea bladder test. . Guest tests and gastroscopy can also be done again to determine if Helicobacter pylori has been eradicated. Patients should take the medication correctly, as directed by their doctor, and not interrupt or reduce the dose at their own discretion to prevent recurrence; Take medicines that damage the mucous membranes of the stomach, such as aspirin, hormones, indomethacin, etc.
According to Huang Yisen, if you experience pallor, dizziness, fatigue, palpitations, tightness in the chest, cold sweats, changes in the color of your stool (such as black stool, bloody stool, etc.); abdominal pain can not be relieved with medication and continues to increase; bloating, vomiting and food intake gradually increase; Unexplained weight loss, increased anemia, loss of appetite and other symptoms should be admitted to the hospital on time. Patients should return to the clinic regularly and please bring all previous medical history with them when returning to the clinic. One week after prescribing, they must first return to the clinic and renew the medication. The outpatient department of gastroenterology needs regular supervision and regular treatment for 2 months. General emptying for 2-3 months it is necessary to examine the gastroscope.